7sevencontinents

7sevencontinents

6/1/2025, 10:02:46 AM

This is a bacterial infection, not a natural hair colour. https://youtu.be/rq0BgjqOUks?si=I9XSVBrkKe50m-87

7sevencontinents

6/1/2025, 2:03:21 PM

*2000 Metabolism Of Carbohydrates MCQ's* How many can you answer correctly ? *Send us your preferred topic to work on, tell us the type of questions you need, and we will get it done.* Join here: https://chat.whatsapp.com/FNGzlrYduf65yXdRcs8ZR4 1. What role does OAA play in the citric acid cycle? a. It is consumed permanently b. It acts catalytically c. It is the final product d. It accumulates in the cycle Answer: b 2. What does OAA combine with to repeat the cycle? a. Pyruvate b. Fumarate c. Acetyl-CoA d. Succinyl-CoA Answer: c 3. What is noted about the equilibrium of the reaction producing OAA? a. It strongly favors OAA b. It strongly favors L-malate c. It is neutral d. It is inhibited by ATP Answer: b 4. Despite equilibrium favoring malate, why does OAA form? a. Malate is degraded b. NADH is supplied continuously c. OAA and NADH/FADH2 are continuously removed d. OAA is converted to citrate immediately Answer: c 5. How many ATPs are produced from the oxidation of two NADH molecules through ETC? a. 4 ATP b. 2 ATP c. 6 ATP d. 3 ATP Answer: c 6. How many B vitamins are essential for the TCA cycle? a. Four b. Six c. Three d. Five Answer: d 7. In what form is riboflavin involved in the TCA cycle? a. Thiamine pyrophosphate b. Flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD) c. Nicotinamide mononucleotide d. Biotin Answer: b 8. Which enzyme uses FAD as a cofactor? a. Aconitase b. Isocitrate dehydrogenase c. Succinate dehydrogenase d. Malate dehydrogenase Answer: c 9. What is the functional form of niacin in the TCA cycle? a. NADPH b. NAD c. FMN d. CoA Answer: b 10. Which enzymes use NAD as an electron acceptor in the TCA cycle? a. Isocitrate dehydrogenase, α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase, malate dehydrogenase b. Succinate dehydrogenase only c. Pyruvate kinase and enolase d. Aconitase and citrate synthase Answer: a 11. Thiamine is required in what form for the TCA cycle? a. Thiamine monophosphate b. Thiamine pyrophosphate (TPP) c. Thiamine sulfate d. Thiamine chloride Answer: b 12. Which reaction in the TCA cycle requires TPP? a. Conversion of citrate to isocitrate b. Decarboxylation in α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase reaction c. Formation of malate d. Formation of fumarate Answer: b 13. Which vitamin derivative functions as a coenzyme in α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase reaction along with TPP? a. Vitamin B6 b. Lipoic acid c. Biotin d. Ascorbic acid Answer: b 14. Pantothenic acid contributes to which cofactor in the TCA cycle? a. NAD+ b. Coenzyme A c. FAD d. FMN Answer: b 15. Why is the TCA cycle called amphibolic? a. It produces water b. It includes both anabolic and catabolic functions c. It takes place in the cytosol d. It is not regulated Answer: b 16. What is the catabolic role of the TCA cycle? a. Conversion of glucose to glycogen b. Oxidation of acetyl-CoA to produce CO2, H2O, and ATP c. Synthesis of amino acids d. Lipid biosynthesis Answer: b 17. What describes the anabolic role of the TCA cycle? a. Synthesis of ATP only b. Formation of bile acids c. Use of intermediates for biosynthesis d. Degradation of carbohydrates Answer: c 18. Which process uses TCA cycle intermediates for synthesis of nonessential amino acids? a. Decarboxylation b. Transamination c. Beta oxidation d. Hydrolysis Answer: b 19. Which compounds are produced by transamination reactions in the TCA cycle? a. Glucose and fatty acids b. Ketoacids: PA, OAA, α-ketoglutarate c. Acetyl-CoA and citrate d. Succinyl-CoA and fumarate Answer: b 20. Which amino acid gives rise to PA by transamination? a. Glutamate b. Alanine c. Aspartate d. Arginine Answer: b 21. Which amino acid gives rise to OAA by transamination? a. Alanine b. Aspartate c. Glutamate d. Glycine Answer: b 22. Which amino acid gives rise to α-ketoglutarate by transamination? a. Alanine b. Glycine c. Glutamate d. Valine Answer: c 23. What does the reversibility of transamination reactions in the TCA cycle enable? a. Beta oxidation b. Synthesis of nonessential amino acids c. Production of essential vitamins d. Hydrolysis of proteins Answer: b 24. What is the metabolic process in which TCA intermediates help form glucose? a. Glycolysis b. Glycogenolysis c. Gluconeogenesis d. Lipogenesis Answer: c 25. What do amino acids contribute to before entering the TCA cycle? a. ATP b. Deamination or transamination c. Oxidative phosphorylation d. Lipid oxidation Answer: b 26. Which group of amino acids form pyruvate? a. Valine, methionine, isoleucine b. Glycine, alanine, serine, cysteine, threonine, hydroxyproline, tryptophan c. Arginine, histidine, proline d. Phenylalanine, tyrosine Answer: b 27. Which amino acids form α-ketoglutarate? a. Glycine, alanine, serine b. Arginine, histidine, glutamine, proline c. Valine, methionine d. Tyrosine and threonine Answer: b 28. Which amino acids form fumarate? a. Phenylalanine and tyrosine b. Glycine and serine c. Alanine and cysteine d. Arginine and histidine Answer: a 29. Which amino acids form succinyl-CoA? a. Phenylalanine, tyrosine b. Valine, methionine, isoleucine c. Glycine, tryptophan d. Alanine, glutamate Answer: b 30. What is the starting material for fatty acid synthesis? a. Pyruvate b. Oxaloacetate c. Acetyl-CoA d. Succinyl-CoA Answer: c

7sevencontinents

5/26/2025, 8:18:41 AM

After, God has given you that caring boyfriend you wished for, do not get pregnant, if you don't have what it takes to mothered a child, even after your boyfriend is well to do, get pregnant when you are capable. More of a reason you come with two breast. Do you know scientist discovered that its not the quickest or strongest sperm that wins the race. The egg decides which sperm fertilise it. Have what it takes! Good morning.

7sevencontinents

5/28/2025, 1:54:29 PM

*REPRINT OF EXAMINATION MESSAGES IN CIRCULATION NOT FROM JAMB*(WhatsApp: 09034537844) *Important Discussion In Text* JAMB announces that there will be a mop-up examination for candidates who missed the main and resit examinations and have been granted waivers only for 2025 to participate in the usual mop-up for those who experienced biometric failures. *Main News* We wish to draw the public’s attention to the misleading messages circulating via a spoofed version of our 66019 shortcode. These messages instruct candidates—some of whom have already sat the resit examination and received their results—to reprint examination slips for another examination. We hereby categorically state that these messages are not from JAMB. There are currently no scheduled examinations, and candidates who have successfully completed the resit examination and received their results need not be concerned. Such messages are fraudulent and intended to sow confusion. The only examination that JAMB is planning to conduct, which has yet to be scheduled, is the foreign examination held in nine countries across Europe, the Middle East, and certain African nations. Additionally, there will be a mop-up examination for candidates who missed the main and resit examinations and have been granted waivers only for 2025 to participate in the usual mop-up for those who experienced biometric failures. We urge the public to disregard these deceptive messages. Those qualified for the mop-up examination, as specified, will be duly notified once preparations are finalised. Fabian Benjamin, Ph.D., Public Communication Advisor JAMB

7sevencontinents

5/27/2025, 5:22:00 PM

https://youtube.com/shorts/mfYkJTllSi8?si=pLXBiIeruWXvZyPe _(For More WhatsApp https://wa.me/2349034537844)_ How many can you answer? 1. What is the optical rotation of sucrose before hydrolysis? a. Laevorotatory (–19.5°) b. Dextrorotatory (+62.5°) c. Laevorotatory (–55.2°) d. Dextrorotatory (+55.2°) Answer: b. Dextrorotatory (+62.5°) 2. Why are the hydrolytic products of sucrose laevorotatory? a. Due to presence of maltose b. Fructose has a greater specific laevorotation than glucose's dextrorotation c. Glucose has greater laevorotation d. Galactose dominates the rotation Answer: b. Fructose has a greater specific laevorotation than glucose's dextrorotation 3. What term is used for the mixture of glucose and fructose formed after sucrose hydrolysis? a. Invertase b. Dextrin c. Invert Sugar d. Reducing Sugar Answer: c. Invert Sugar 4. What is the process of changing the optical rotation after sucrose hydrolysis called? a. Neutralization b. Oxidation c. Reduction d. Inversion Answer: d. Inversion 5. What accounts for the high sweetness of honey? a. Presence of glucose b. High concentration of galactose c. Presence of fructose d. Presence of maltose Answer: c. Presence of fructose 6. What type of disaccharide is lactulose? a. Aldodisaccharide b. Ketodisaccharide c. Neutral disaccharide d. Phosphodisaccharide Answer: b. Ketodisaccharide 7. What is the structure of lactulose? a. O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→4)-β-D-fructofuranose b. O-α-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→2)-β-D-fructofuranose c. O-α-D-galactopyranosyl-(1→4)-β-D-fructofuranose d. O-β-D-galactopyranosyl-(1→6)-α-D-glucopyranose Answer: c. O-α-D-galactopyranosyl-(1→4)-β-D-fructofuranose 8. Where is lactulose found naturally in small amounts? a. Raw milk b. Heated milk c. Human saliva d. Cheese Answer: b. Heated milk 9. How is lactulose primarily obtained? a. Fermentation b. Naturally occurring c. Synthetically d. Extracted from meat Answer: c. Synthetically 10. Why is lactulose clinically significant? a. It is digested by intestinal enzymes b. It forms mucic acid c. It is fermented by intestinal bacteria and used as osmotic laxative d. It reduces copper solutions Answer: c. It is fermented by intestinal bacteria and used as osmotic laxative 11. What sugar is used in food preparations for babies and invalids? a. Lactose b. Sucrose c. Maltose d. Fructose Answer: c. Maltose 12. What is the nutritional advantage of maltose-rich foods? a. High in fats b. Difficult to digest c. Easily digestible d. Contains galactose Answer: c. Easily digestible 13. Where is lactose synthesized in the body? a. Liver b. Stomach c. Lactating mammary gland d. Intestines Answer: c. Lactating mammary gland 14. What is the source of energy in breast milk for newborns? a. Glucose b. Sucrose c. Lactose d. Fructose Answer: c. Lactose 15. What test differentiates E. coli from Typhoid bacillus based on sugar fermentation? a. Mucic acid test b. Fearon’s test c. Lactose fermentation test d. Biuret test Answer: c. Lactose fermentation test 16. Which of the following bacteria ferments lactose? a. Typhoid bacillus b. Salmonella c. Coliform bacilli (E. coli) d. Shigella Answer: c. Coliform bacilli (E. coli) 17. What organisms sour milk by converting lactose to lactic acid? a. Typhoid bacilli b. E. coli, A. aerogenes, Str. lactis c. Candida albicans d. Mycobacterium Answer: b. E. coli, A. aerogenes, Str. lactis 18. What effect does parenterally introduced sucrose have? a. Easily digested b. Stored as glycogen c. Alters blood osmotic condition d. Fermented by coliforms Answer: c. Alters blood osmotic condition 19. In which condition is sucrose used parenterally? a. Anaemia b. Obesity c. Oedema, like cerebral oedema d. Diabetes Answer: c. Oedema, like cerebral oedema 20. What can happen if disaccharides are not hydrolysed in the gut? a. Vomiting b. Constipation c. Diarrhoea d. Fever Answer: c. Diarrhoea 21. What is another name for lactose? a. Cane sugar b. Table sugar c. Milk sugar d. Grape sugar Answer: c. Milk sugar 22. What is another name for sucrose? a. Milk sugar b. Starch c. Cane sugar d. Glucose Answer: c. Cane sugar 23. What are the constituent monosaccharides of lactose? a. Glucose and fructose b. Glucose and galactose c. Galactose and fructose d. Two glucose molecules Answer: b. Glucose and galactose 24. What type of linkage is present in lactose? a. α 1→2 b. β 1→4 c. α 1→6 d. β 1→1 Answer: b. β 1→4 25. What are the hydrolysis products of lactose? a. Glucose and fructose b. Glucose and galactose c. Galactose and sucrose d. Fructose and maltose Answer: b. Glucose and galactose 26. What enzyme hydrolyses lactose? a. Sucrase b. Maltase c. Invertase d. Lactase Answer: d. Lactase 27. What enzyme hydrolyses sucrose? a. Sucrase (Invertase) b. Lactase c. Amylase d. Glucosidase Answer: a. Sucrase (Invertase) 28. What is the optical rotation of lactose solution? a. –19.5° b. +66.5° c. +55.2° d. 0° Answer: c. +55.2° 29. Why can't sucrose exhibit mutarotation? a. It is laevorotatory b. Both anomeric carbons are involved in linkage c. It lacks a free aldehyde d. It contains galactose Answer: b. Both anomeric carbons are involved in linkage 30. Which sugar can reduce alkaline copper sulphate solution? a. Sucrose b. Fructose c. Lactose d. Cellulose Answer: c. Lactose 31. Can sucrose reduce Benedict’s or Fehling’s solution? a. Yes b. Only Fehling’s c. No d. Only Benedict’s Answer: c. No 32. Do either lactose or sucrose reduce Barfoed’s solution? a. Both do b. Lactose only c. Sucrose only d. Neither Answer: d. Neither 33. What is the appearance of lactosazone crystals? a. Needle-like b. Rhomboid c. Hedgehog or Powder puff d. Sunflower Answer: c. Hedgehog or Powder puff 34. Which sugar forms mucic acid after treatment with conc. HNO₃? a. Sucrose b. Lactose c. Glucose d. Maltose Answer: b. Lactose 35. Which sugar gives positive Fearon’s test? a. Sucrose b. Lactose c. Glucose d. Fructose Answer: b. Lactose 36. Where is lactose synthesised in the human body? a. Liver b. Mammary gland c. Kidney d. Pancreas Answer: b. Mammary gland 37. In which physiological state might lactose appear in urine? a. Diabetes b. Fasting c. Lactating mother d. Fever Answer: c. Lactating mother

7sevencontinents

5/26/2025, 7:33:36 AM

After you being the loyal girlfriend to him, and he avoids future talks with you, every feeling ends after sex, no call, no morning check, no future plans, no complaints for your wrong doings. The relationship, is nothing but a basket, no matter the effort you put in it, it will never be effective. Move on.

7sevencontinents

5/15/2025, 10:41:32 PM

Before you start believing fake stories or letting someone stir up your emotions for their personal gain—especially without understanding the root of the situation concerning JAMB 2025 https://youtube.com/shorts/b0Ug0RfWEJU?si=xvXnKaxzi6Q9_cGl

7sevencontinents

5/26/2025, 6:59:26 AM

*Atete Reni Barin Latete La* The quicker you connect with people of great value, the sooner wealth follows You can be surrounded by friends and still lack those who truly matter Truly, anyone can have friends, but not everyone has friends who add value. It’s not about losing old friends, but about keeping those who help you rise even closer A bird doesn't stay on a barren tree stay connected to people who nourish your vision Your time is precious don’t loan it to distractions. Your school friends should fuel your ambition, not your distraction. In business, if your friend never talks money moves find a new circle. In a relationship, If your partner avoids future talks, they may not see you in theirs Time equals life. Use it with purpose. Choose mutual relationships, because your friends won’t account for your wasted years *Atete Reni Barin Latete La* #7sevencontinents #word of wisdom

7sevencontinents

5/27/2025, 9:12:22 PM

fully shelled egg inside another shelled egg. Why? Is it healthy? Let learn https://youtube.com/shorts/hTKWwFktHlc?si=VzgYBd8zydq8E_Za