*Pathology Recalls Feb 2025* _*(Dr. DH)*_ *Fcps-Made-Guide-By-Dr-NP* 1. Graft versus host disease - after transfusion days later ALT, AST increase, jaundice, and diarrhea 2. Neisseria meningitidis - college dorm girl develops high fever, meningitis 3. Oxidase positive gram-negative - Neisseria 4. McArdle disease - what diet is given before exercise? Diet low in carbs 5. Siachin patient comes with hepatosplenomegaly, pancytopenia, and slept on floor with flea bites - Kala azar (Leishmaniasis) 6. Nocardia or M. Avium or M. Tb scenario - cavitations, sarcoidosis history, ZN stain negative with HCl and positive with 1% H₂SO₄ 7. Sulfur granules - Actinomyces 8. Mycobacterium tuberculosis - Patient 2 weeks low-grade fever, night sweats, weight loss, CXR patchy infiltrate 9. Pseudomonas DOC - Ceftazidime 10. Typhoid diagnosis on day 4 - Blood culture 11. Syphilis - Painless chancre on penis with CNS effects 12. Cloxacillin given to Staph aureus but treatment not helpful - Bacteria has no penicillin-binding site in cell wall 13. MRSA true statement - Susceptible to Vancomycin 14. Mucormycosis - Non-septate, right-angle branching hyphae in nasal polyp structure 15. Plasmodium falciparum - Crescent organism 16. Back pain in old patient for one year, lytic lesion of sacrum with soft tissue invasion - Osteosarcoma 17. Pelvic inflammatory disease (salpingitis) causes infertility - Simple ciliated columnar epithelium of structure involved 18. Infertility for 3 months, workup - FSH, LH, Prolactin, TSH 19. Right vocal cord in medial position - Posterior cricoarytenoid muscle 20. Confidentiality - Female with cancer says "Don't tell my family" - Don't break confidentiality 21. Nurse behavior that spreads infection - Not washing hands after removing gloves 22. Supravalvular aortic stenosis – Defect in elastin, actin, collagen or myosin? Elastin? 23. Pyrazinamide – Hyperuricemia (adverse effect) 24. Allopurinol MOA – Xanthine oxidase inhibitor 25. Cyclophosphamide adverse effect – Hemorrhagic cystitis (dysuria, hematuria) 26. Methotrexate – Dihydrofolate reductase inhibitor 27. Statin MOA – HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor 28. Garlic inhibits HMG-CoA – Decreases LDL 29. Good heart check – HDL 30. Lesch-Nyhan syndrome – Enzyme defect 31. MI most specific protein – Troponin 32. MI in less than 4 hours – Check CK-MB 33. Familial hypercholesterolemia or Familial combined hyperlipidemia – Xanthomas and family history of heart illness death 34. Mother breast cancer, daughter screening – BRCA1/2 35. Mother ovarian cancer, daughter breast cancer – BRCA1 mutation 36. Methanol poisoning – Metabolic acidosis 37. Metabolic acidosis – Partial or Complete respiratory compensation 38. Giardia – Female with diarrhea, villous atrophy, not responding to gluten-free diet 39. Campylobacter jejuni scenario – DOC: Ciprofloxacin 40. Patient in flea-infested area and lymphadenopathy – Yersinia pestis 41. Germ tube positive Candida – Candida albicans 42. Pneumonia with green colonies in sputum – Pseudomonas 43. Pseudomonas DOC – Ceftazidime 44. Fanconi anemia – DEB test positive 45. Li-Fraumeni syndrome with same history in brother – TP53 mutation one allele damaged 46. Strep pneumoniae meningitis in elderly with splenectomy (20 years ago) 47. Menopause hormones – ↑ FSH, LH; ↓ Estrogen, AMH 48. Which connects Uterosacral ligament to Cervix? *Cardinal Ligament* or Pelvic floor, Posterior wall 49. Liver biopsy site – 9th-10th ICS in mid-axillary line 50. Septic shock – ↓ CVP, ↑Lactate, ↓ BP, ↓ Cardiac output 51. Hereditary hemochromatosis scenario 52. Lipofuscin deposition – Liver, heart, brain 53. Brain fungal hyphae, necrosis type – Liquefactive 54. t(9;22) – CML 55. Multiple myeloma – Protein electrophoresis 56. Multiple sclerosis – Oligodendrocyte damage 57. Tract from olive to cerebellum injured – Effect on body balance 58. Nucleus dorsalis injury in spinal cord – Fine touch loss 59. Back pain, vertebral metastatic lesion in elderly – Prostate adenocarcinoma 60. Ascitic tap above empty bladder – Injury to inferior epigastric artery 61. Statin adverse effect – Myalgia and ache without reason scenario 62. Acute pancreatitis – Amylase, WBC 18000mm2, PO2 changes 63. Ulcerative colitis – Dysregulated CD4 response 64. MHC genes – Contain HLA proteins 65. MHC function – Antigen presentation to T cells 66. Hemolytic anemia, back pain after antimalarial drugs – G6PD deficiency 67. Congenital anemia on blood transfusions – Hemosiderin overload 68. Thalassemia scenario – Hb electrophoresis 69. Sickle cell disease – Adenine substitution by Thymine 70. Structure above anterior wall of lateral ventricle – Corpus callosum genu, caudate nucleus or anterior horn of corpus callosum, thalamus? Ans is CORPUS CALLOSUM GENU most probably 71. COPD scenario – What decreases? (FEV1) 72. 6 year old boy presented with self mutilation, involuntary movements, speech problems and painful joints with urine showing excess uric acid - Lesch Nyhan Syndrome 73. Patient with lung lucency, Curschmann spirals, Charcot-Leyden crystals – Bronchial asthma 74. HIV instrument cleaning – High Level disinfection 75. Histopathology sample for kidney transplant crossmatch, what is BEST CHOICE – WBC, Celss of Buccal Mucosa, *Bone marrow?* 76. Asbestosis – Pleural plaques 77. Capsule detection test – Quellung test 78. Pt became blind next day after treatment when he was received in semi conscious condition. Methanol test was not avaialble then what could be used to check - Creatinine Clearance? 79. Reye syndrome following which infection? Influenza 80. Pregnant woman with low serum ferritin, no supplements – Iron deficiency 81. Pregnant woman with hypertension, low platelets, schistocytes – HELLP syndrome 82. Hypertension + hypokalemia + ECG changes – Hyperaldosteronism 83. ACE inhibitor-induced cough – ↑ Bradykinin 84. AML – Blasts >75% and 14 year old patient 85. CLL – Elderly male with hepatosplenomegaly & mature lymphocytes 86. Mother Rh-negative, baby HDN – Indirect Coombs test (IgG Rh antibody) 87. Autosomal dominant condition – FAP 88. Colon cancer, family history - APC gene mutation 89. Ovarian cancer - Marker CA-125 90. Blood transfusion, angioedema in 15 minutes - Type I hypersensitivity 91. Blood transfusion, A-negative given B-negative blood – Type II hypersensitivity 92. Post-streptococcal GN – Type III hypersensitivity, ASO titers - Goodpasture’s scenario 93. PSGN - Child with fever, sore throat; later develops hypertension, edema, hematuria 94. NK cell function – Kill virus-infected cells 95. Von Willebrand disease scenario 96. Hemophilia – Increased APTT (Factor VIII deficiency) 97. Pseudomonas drug scenario? 98. Skin and mucous membranes, WBCs and Macrophages or *Lymphocytes* is the most important and specifoc immune system 99. Epispadia confirmed by presence of urethral meatus on upper surface of penis 100. Which has more chance of becoming Urothelial CA? Exstrophy of bladder 101. Peroxisome scenario Zellweger 102. Metformin effect Increased glycogenolysis in liver 103. Turner - XO 104. TOF - Pulmonary Infundibular Stenosis 105. Postmortem clot - Chicken fat 106. Hirschsprung disease - *Sigmoid colon* or Rectum? 107. Black shadow on X ray after 4th rib fracture. What is causing restrictive lung moments? - Pneumothorax (because air has black shadow on X ray) 108. Iodine deficiency - Reason for hypothyroidism in a guy from Northern areas 109. Anti TPO antibodies - Hashimoto thyroiditis 110. Ca storage - SER 111. A fib - Absent p waves 112. Full strength of scar post laparotomy - 3 months, 6 months or 1 year? 113. Fluid in appendicitis: Exudate 114. LCX blocks Left atria and ventricle 115. In Steatohepatitis, what will be seen - Fatty acids 116. Blood tinged CSF in a patient with severe headache - SAH 117. A lady presents with pain on dorsum of wrist which radiates to index finger for the past 3 months, what test for this condition - Finkelstein test (Tenosynovitis scenario) 118. Cheap, 90% reliable test for Cervix condition - *Pap Smear*, colpcolposcopy 119. Campylobacter jejuni causing diarrhea, which drug to give: *Azithromycin*, Penicillin, Ciprofloxacin, Bismuth 120. Controls ECF Osmolarity - ADH 121. Patient with Congenital Erythropoietic Porphyria what will be seen: ALA + coproporphyrinogen 3 in urine, *Uroporphyrin 1* 122. Stress caused hepatic glycogenolysis caused by Cortisol Digitalis effect - *Ionotropic*, chronotropic, Oxygen consumption, dromotropic 123. Child with skin changes, edema and hepatosplenomegaly - Kwashiorkor 124. A person had an RTA which causes posterior dislocation of femur on acetabulum causing pain in left hip and knee, nerve damaged - Sciatic nerve 125. Candesartan affects - Oxytetracycline