🔆 The article discusses the challenges faced by India in achieving the End TB targets set by the World Health Organization. Key Points: ✅Persistent Burden: Despite efforts, India continues to bear the highest global burden of TB, with high rates of incidence and mortality. ✅Implementation Gaps: Challenges include disruptions in the supply chain of essential medicines, limited access to diagnostic tests, and inadequate human resources. ✅Focus on Pulmonary TB: The focus remains largely on pulmonary TB, neglecting extrapulmonary TB which affects other organs and is often misdiagnosed. ✅Vulnerable Groups: High-risk groups like migrants and those with comorbidities are often overlooked in TB prevention and treatment programs. ✅Need for Community Participation: Successful models like the Idukki district in Kerala highlight the importance of community participation and advocacy in achieving TB elimination goals. ✅Way Forward: Strengthening primary healthcare, improving diagnosis and treatment of extrapulmonary TB, and addressing the needs of vulnerable populations are crucial for achieving the End TB targets. ✅Possible UPSC Prelims Question: What is the primary reason for the high burden of tuberculosis in India? A. Lack of awareness about the disease B. Inadequate access to healthcare C. High prevalence of HIV/AIDS D. Poor nutrition and sanitation ✅Possible UPSC Mains Question: Discuss the challenges faced by India in achieving the End TB targets. Analyze the role of community participation, public-private partnerships, and innovative interventions in combating tuberculosis and improving public health outcomes.