🔆 Hindustan Republican Association (HRA) 📍 Context ✅ Uttar Pradesh launched centenary celebrations of the Kakori Train Action to educate youths on India's revolutionary past. 📍 About HRA ✅ Founded in 1924, it was a revolutionary group aiming to achieve India's independence through armed struggle. ✅ Goal: Establish a Federated Republic of India by overthrowing British rule. ✅ Ideology: Socialism and use of force to end British rule. 📍 Transformation into HSRA (1928) ✅ Renamed Hindustan Socialist Republican Association (HSRA) with socialism as a core goal. 📍 Key Activities ✅ Kakori Train Action (1925): Revolutionaries looted a British treasury train to fund activities. ✅ Avenging Lala Lajpat Rai’s Death (1928): Bhagat Singh, Rajguru, and Chandrashekhar Azad killed the police officer responsible. ✅ Assembly Bomb Explosion (1929): Bhagat Singh and B.K. Dutt threw bombs in the Central Legislative Assembly to protest British rule. 📍 Founding Members ✅ Ram Prasad Bismil, Ashfaqulla Khan, Sachindra Nath Sanyal, and Jogesh Chandra Chatterjee. 📍 Publications ✅ The Revolutionary by Ram Prasad Bismil and Philosophy of the Bomb by Bhagwati Charan Vohra justified the use of force for independence.