Intellectual disability, also known as intellectual developmental disorder, is a condition characterized by significant limitations in both intellectual functioning and adaptive behavior. Here are some causes and risk factors associated with intellectual disability: Genetic Causes 1. *Down syndrome*: A chromosomal disorder caused by an extra copy of chromosome 21. 2. *Fragile X syndrome*: A genetic disorder caused by a mutation in the FMR1 gene. Environmental Causes 1. *Prenatal exposure to toxins*: Such as alcohol, tobacco, and certain chemicals. 2. *Infections during pregnancy*: Such as rubella, cytomegalovirus, and toxoplasmosis. 3. *Traumatic brain injury*: A head injury that can cause damage to the brain. 4. *Stroke or cerebral vasculature disorders*: Conditions that affect blood flow to the brain. 5. *Malnutrition and starvation*: Severe lack of essential nutrients can impair brain development. *Risk Factors* 1. Family history 2. Advanced parental age 3. Low birth weight 4. Premature birth 5. Poverty and socioeconomic factors *Other Factors* 1. Certain medical conditions 2. Infections and illnesses 3. Toxic exposures WeDey4U 💚