Layers of Blockchain 1. Governance Layer Manages blockchain rules and upgrades while enabling decentralized decision-making. 2. Application Layer Interfaces for users to interact with blockchain services, transactions, and dApps. 3. Contract Layer Hosts and automates smart contract execution for decentralized applications. 4. Incentive Layer Rewards participants for securing and maintaining blockchain integrity. 5. Consensus Layer Defines rules for validating transactions and ensuring network agreement. 6. Network Layer Handles communication between nodes to propagate transactions and blocks. 7. Data Layer Stores blockchain ledger and transactions securely with immutability. 8. Hardware Layer Provides physical infrastructure to run blockchain nodes and support the network