Real Estate: From Obsolete Record to Modernize System Written by Muhammad Sheraz Ahsan Link to the article: https://themarkhortimes.com/national/real-estate-from-obsolete-record-to-modernize-system/ In Pakistan, matters related to real estate (land and any permanent structure on it) are still managed using traditional methods like handwritten maps on cloth (latha) by patwaris (village record keepers) in rural areas and paper-based drawings in urban areas. Most of the system is based on the local measurement unit of karam. In contrast, countries like the Netherlands, Australia, Singapore, and others have advanced to sophisticated computerized systems using Geographic Information System, Satellite/Drone Remote Sensing, Electronic Measuring Distance (EDM) for surveying, Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS), etc. Additionally, they are developing multi-story building models (digital twin) and Light Detection and Ranging (LIDAR) 3D point cloud data to develop smart cities for efficient urban development and real estate management.