Syphilis is a sexually transmitted infection caused by the bacterium Treponema pallidum. Congenital syphilis occurs when a syphilis infection passes from mother to fetus during pregnancy. Congenital syphilis is associated with premature birth, low birth weight, stillbirth, and infant death. Infants born with congenital syphilis may have deformed bones, anemia, enlarged liver and spleen, jaundice, and inflammation around the brain and spinal cord (meningitis) that may cause permanent vision or hearing loss. ➡️ Learn more about syphilis infection, risks of congenital syphilis during pregnancy, and pros and cons of screening for syphilis during pregnancy in this JAMA Patient Page: ja.ma/3SdvMdy