🔺 CASE STUDY NO : 54 🔺 PART NO : 01 🔺DARUNAKA ( DANDRUFF) 🔺NIDANAM (Causative Factors) -The causative factors of Daruṇaka are primarily related to Vāta and Kapha vitiation, often due to: -Ruksa, sita, Laghu bhojana -improper head bath (e.g., not oiling hair) -Mala sanchaya on scalp -Vegadharana (suppressing natural urges) -Ativyayama, Atisheeta sevana -Mental stress or lack of sleep Classical Reference:(Astanga Hrdaya, Uttara Tantra 23/18–20 Susruta Saṃhita, Uttara Tantra 24/21–23) 🔺 POORVAROOPAM (Prodromal Symptoms) -Mild kandu (itching) on scalp -Dryness or tightness of the scalp -Rough hair texture -Dullness of hair or lack of luster ( Implied from classical patterns of Ksudra Rogas) 🔺 LAKSANAM (Symptoms) -Kandu (itching) -Daruna sparsa (roughness of scalp) -Ruksata (dryness) -Utsedha (slight elevation or crust formation) -Taruna romaharsa (hair standing on end) -sirah sula (headache in chronic cases) -Khandita kesa patana (hair fall with breaking)(Reference: Astanga Hṛdaya, Uttara Tantra 23/18–20 Suśruta Saṃhitā, Uttara Tantra 24/22) 🔺 GENERAL EXAMINATION * Inspection -Scalp appears dry, flaky, and white or yellowish scales. -Hair may be dry, brittle, or with hair fall. -Sparshana Pareeksha (Palpation): -Dry, rough texture of the scalp. -Itching or irritation. *Prashna Pareeksha (History): -History of exposure to cold/dry climate, improper hair care, use of chemical shampoos, stress, or digestion issues. -Diet high in oily, heavy, or junk food (Agni mandya). -Dosha Involvement: Mainly Vata and Kapha. -Vata: Dryness, scaling. -Kapha: Stickiness, heaviness, thick flakes. *Modern Clinical Examination -Inspection of scalp and skin for: -Flaking and scaling. -Presence of erythema (redness) or inflammation. -Signs of seborrheic dermatitis or psoriasis. 🔺 LABORATORY EXAMINATION (Modern Medicine) -While dandruff is primarily diagnosed clinically, some investigations may be done to rule out infections or underlying conditions: *KOH (Potassium Hydroxide) Mount: -To rule out fungal infections like tinea capitis or Malassezia spp. overgrowth. *Skin biopsy: -Rarely done, unless psoriasis or other chronic dermatoses are suspected. *Culture and Sensitivity: -If there are signs of secondary infection. *Blood Tests (if systemic involvement or chronicity): -CBC (Complete Blood Count): To rule out infection/inflammation. *Blood sugar: Diabetes can exacerbate fungal infections. -Thyroid function test (TFT): Hypothyroidism can affect scalp health. *Hormonal profile (if associated with hair loss or acne): -Especially in cases of seborrheic dermatitis or PCOS. 🛑https://chat.whatsapp.com/KLufxKFrXwbIIAXLxXDqOB