JRF nutes Unit 10 📘 Historical Education Facts (India & World) 1. Oldest University in the World: Takshashila (India, 6th Century BCE). 2. Nalanda University: Established in the 5th century CE in Bihar, India – a center for Buddhist learning. 3. Vikramshila University: Founded by Dharmapala (8th century), another major Buddhist university in Bihar. 4. Modern Western Education in India: Introduced by the British. 5. Wood's Despatch (1854): Called the Magna Carta of English Education in India. 📙 Important Education Policies & Milestones in India 1. First Education Commission: Hunter Commission (1882). 2. Kothari Commission (1964–66): Recommended the 10+2+3 system. 3. National Policy on Education (NPE): 1968: First NPE under Indira Gandhi. 1986: Revised under Rajiv Gandhi. 2020: Latest NEP, focuses on holistic, flexible learning. 4. Right to Education (RTE) Act: Came into force in 2010 under Article 21A. 📕 Indian Institutions & Contributions 1. University Grants Commission (UGC): Established in 1956. 2. NCERT: Formed in 1961 for school education. 3. NCTE: Formed in 1993 – Regulates teacher education. 4. IGNOU: World’s largest open university, established in 1985. 5. National Education Day: Celebrated on 11 November (birth anniversary of Maulana Abul Kalam Azad). 📗 Global Education Facts 1. UNESCO: Headquartered in Paris – promotes education globally. 2. SDG Goal 4: "Ensure inclusive and equitable quality education" by 2030. 3. PISA Test: International student assessment by OECD. 4. Montessori Method: Developed by Maria Montessori (Italy), focuses on child-centered education. 5. John Dewey: Advocated "learning by doing" – progressive education. Quick One-liner Facts JRF 🔥(For MCQs) Macaulay’s Minute on Education: 1835 Basic Education (Nai Talim): Introduced by Mahatma Gandhi Radhakrishnan Commission (1948–49): Focused on University Education Operation Blackboard: Launched in 1987 for primary school improvement. First Indian Institute of Technology (IIT): IIT Kharagpur, 1951 📣📣 *UGC --NET / JRF ASST PROFESSOR 2025* Today's Offer Ending Send Your Subject & Medium to get notes   WhatsApp link click 👇👇👇 👉 *For English Medium Students* https://wa.me/+919216009964?text=Send_me_notes_my_subject_is 👉 *हिंदी माध्यम स्टूडेंट्स के लिए* https://wa.me/+919257007505?text=Send_me_notes_my_subject_विषय_है