🔆 Explain how Cabinet Committees help reinforce collective responsibility and maintain the principle of uniformity within the Executive in the Indian Parliamentary system. (200 words) 📍 Purpose & Context • Cabinet Committees are sub-committees within the Cabinet, established under the Government of India Transaction of Business Rules, 1961. • Role: They help streamline decision-making and facilitate coordination among ministries in the Indian Executive. 📍 Collective Responsibility ✅ Constitutional Framework • Article 75(3) of the Constitution states that the Council of Ministers is collectively responsible to the Lok Sabha. • This means all ministers share accountability for government policies and decisions. ✅ Joint Decision-Making • Cabinet Committees’ decisions are considered joint decisions of the entire Cabinet. • All ministers must support these decisions, reinforcing collective responsibility. 📍 Uniformity within the Executive ✅ Ensuring Coordination • Cabinet Committees reduce conflicts and discrepancies, ensuring alignment of departmental goals with the government’s objectives. ✅ Meeting of Minds • They work with Standing and Ad hoc Committees of Secretaries to align interests across ministries, promoting a unified approach to governance. 📍 Crisis Management • In times of national crises, Cabinet Committees coordinate action across ministries, ensuring effective governance. 📍 Conclusion • Cabinet Committees are vital for reinforcing collective responsibility and maintaining uniformity within the Executive, ensuring effective governance.