🔆 Oil Pollution 📍 Examples ✅ Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill (2010): Largest marine oil spill in Gulf of Mexico. ✅ Ennore Oil Spill (2017): Collision off Chennai coast, impacting marine life and fishermen. ✅ MV Wakashio Spill (2020): Ship ran aground off Mauritius, spilling oil in a biodiversity-rich area. 📍 Causes ✅ Oil spills from tankers, offshore rigs. ✅ Leakages from drilling, transportation. ✅ Ballast water discharge, pipeline ruptures. 📍 Consequences ✅ Environmental: Marine life death, long-term damage to ecosystems. ✅ Economic: Livelihood loss, high cleanup costs. ✅ Health Hazards: Skin disorders, respiratory issues, contamination of seafood. 📍 Steps Taken ✅ International: MARPOL Convention, OPRC, IMO standards. ✅ India: NOS-DCP, INCOIS oil spill trajectory model. 📍 Way Forward ✅ Enforce safety regulations, improve warning systems, develop response capacity, promote bioremediation techniques. #environment #mains