a schematic of a refrigeration system, detailing the key components and their functions. The system includes a compressor that compresses low-pressure vapor, converting it into high-pressure liquid. This high-pressure liquid is then passed through a condenser, where it releases heat and turns into a high-pressure liquid-vapor mixture. The mixture flows into the expansion valve, where it experiences a pressure drop, becoming a low-pressure liquid-vapor mixture. This mixture enters the evaporator, located inside the insulated cold chamber, where it absorbs heat, cooling the chamber. The cycle is completed as the low-pressure vapor returns to the compressor, and the system operates continuously to maintain the desired temperature. Pressure gauges on both the high and low-pressure sides are used to monitor the system’s operation.