*UNDERSTANDING CHOLERA: WHAT IT IS, HOW WE GET IT, AND NATURAL WAYS TO MANAGE IT* Cholera is an acute diarrhoeal disease caused by the bacterium Vibrio cholerae. It is commonly spread through contaminated water and food, especially in areas with poor sanitation and limited access to clean drinking water—conditions that sadly persist in parts of Ghana and many developing regions. How Do We Get Cholera? The primary route of cholera transmission is the faeco-oral route. Here's how it happens: 1. Contaminated Water: When human waste (faeces) containing Vibrio cholerae contaminates water sources—like rivers, wells, and even household water stored improperly—anyone who drinks or uses that water for cooking, washing fruits, or brushing teeth is at risk. 2. Contaminated Food: Food prepared or washed with contaminated water, or handled by someone with unclean hands, becomes a vehicle for the bacteria. Popular street foods and open-market items can be dangerous if hygiene is not prioritized. 3. Poor Sanitation: Open defecation, unclean latrines, and poor handwashing culture are major contributors to the spread of cholera in Ghana. Rainfall and floods can also spread the bacteria quickly through water channels. Symptoms of Cholera Profuse watery diarrhea (often described as “rice water” stools) Vomiting Rapid dehydration Muscle cramps Weakness and shock in severe cases Without prompt treatment, cholera can lead to death within hours due to severe dehydration. Conventional Treatment (Brief Overview) In hospitals and clinics, cholera is treated with: Oral Rehydration Salts (ORS) Intravenous (IV) fluids for severe dehydration Antibiotics in some cases, to reduce the duration of illness Zinc supplements (especially in children) to aid recovery Natural Remedies and Home-Based Management Note: These are supportive measures and must be used alongside or while seeking medical care—especially for severe cases. 1. Homemade Oral Rehydration Solution (ORS) This is the most critical natural remedy. How to prepare: 1 litre of clean, boiled and cooled water 6 teaspoons of sugar 1/2 teaspoon of salt Mix well. Give small amounts frequently to prevent dehydration. 2. Coconut Water Rich in electrolytes like potassium and magnesium, coconut water is excellent for rehydration and energy during mild cholera cases. 3. Guava Leaves Tea Guava leaves are traditionally known in Uganda to help reduce diarrhea. Preparation: Boil 5–10 guava leaves in water for 10 minutes Allow to cool, strain, and drink 2–3 times daily 4. Activated Charcoal Charcoal binds toxins and can help in managing diarrhea. 1 teaspoon of edible charcoal powder mixed with clean water can be taken 1–2 times daily. 5. Neem (Nim) Leaves Neem has strong antimicrobial properties. Neem water or tea may help the immune system fight the bacteria. 6. Fermented Foods (like kenkey water or pito) These can help replenish beneficial gut bacteria and strengthen digestion post-infection. How to Prevent Cholera (Natural & Lifestyle Tips) Boil water before drinking or use water purification tablets Wash hands with soap regularly, especially before eating and after using the toilet Avoid street food or ensure it is hot and freshly prepared Disinfect fruits and vegetables with salt or vinegar before eating Educate family and community about cholera spread and hygiene Use and maintain clean toilets—no open defecation Final Thoughts from Israel Mensah Gothar (Good Living Ghana) Cholera is not just a medical issue—it is a public health, sanitation, and education issue. We can’t always rely solely on hospitals. Empowering our communities with knowledge of natural remedies and proper hygiene practices can save lives. Let us promote clean water, natural care, and informed health habits. Share this message with others—you could be saving a life!