*Learn key terms and descriptions in Biology - Biotechnology: Principles and Processes* *Term* : Isolation of DNA *Description* : DNA should be isolated in pure form, without macromolecules. Hence cell wall can be broken down by treating the bacterial cells / plant or animal tissue with enzymes such as Lysozyme (bacteria), cellulose (plant cells), chitinase (fungus). DNA should be removed from its histones proteins and RNAs. This can be achieved by using enzymes ribonuclease for RNA and Proteases for histone proteins. Finally purified DNA precipitates out after the addition of chilled Ethanol. *Term* : Fragmentation of DNA *Description* : Restriction enzyme digestions are performed by incubating purified DNA molecules with the restriction enzyme. DNA is a negatively charged molecule, hence it moves towards the positive electrode (anode). After having cut the source DNA as well as the vector DNA with a specific restriction enzyme, the cut out gene of interest from the source DNA and the cut vector with space are mixed and ligase is added. This results in the preparation of recombinant DNA. *Learn more flash cards Download👇Tutor LPT App & Keep Learning* https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.tc.lpt - Android https://apps.apple.com/in/app/tutor-lpt/id6448413564 - IOS https://tutorlpt.com/ - Web