*🩺 Relationship Between Kidney Failure & Diabetes (Diabetic Nephropathy):* 1. *High Blood Sugar Damages Kidneys* - Over time, high glucose levels damage tiny blood vessels (glomeruli) in the kidneys. - This reduces the kidneys' ability to filter waste. 2. *Protein Leaks into Urine (Proteinuria)* - Early sign of diabetic kidney damage. - Healthy kidneys keep protein in the blood. 3. *Progressive Decline in Kidney Function* - Leads to *chronic kidney disease (CKD)* and can progress to *end-stage kidney failure* (ESKD). - May need dialysis or a kidney transplant. 4. *High Blood Pressure Worsens the Damage* - Diabetes often causes hypertension, which puts further strain on the kidneys. 5. *Prevention & Management:* - Control blood sugar and BP - Regular urine tests for protein - Use of kidney-protective drugs (e.g. ACE inhibitors) *🔗 Conclusion:* Diabetes is the *leading cause of kidney failure worldwide* — early control is key to prevention.