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🔆 India’s Health Indicators 📍 Key Health Statistics ✅ Life Expectancy at Birth ~ 70 years (62 years in 2000, 67 years in 2010) ✅ Infant Mortality Rate = 28/1000 ✅ Neonatal Mortality Rate = 20/1000 (SDG target 12) ✅ Under 5 Mortality Rate = 32/1000 (SDG target 25) ✅ Maternal Mortality Rate = 97/1000 (SDG target 70) ✅ Sex Ratio at Birth = 1020/1000 (was 943 in 2011) 📍 Health Expenditure ✅ Health Expenditure = ~ 3.8% of GDP (40% public, 60% private) ✅ Out of Pocket Expenditure (OOP) = 1.5% GDP, 13% monthly per capita ✅ Doctor-Population Ratio = 1:834 (better than WHO’s 1:1000) ✅ Health Workers per 10,000 Population = 49 📍 Health Delivery & Immunization ✅ Institutional Deliveries = 97.18% ✅ Children Aged 9-11 Months Fully Immunised = 93.23% 📍 Health Challenges ✅ Deaths from Non-Communicable Diseases = Over 60% of total deaths in India ✅ TB Burden = Highest in the world (28%) and highest number of Multi-drug resistant TB cases ✅ Tuberculosis Cases Notified = 87.13% against the target 📍 Progress in Tuberculosis (TB) Control ✅ TB Decline = 18% dip in TB cases over the past 10 years, more than double the global rate; 24% reduction in deaths, higher than the global average of 23% #Data #GS2 #GS1 #Ethics #essay #social_issue #health #mains

🔆 Indian Biodiversity ✅ Four global biodiversity hotspots are located in India, making it one of the most biodiverse regions in the world. ✅ As of 2020-21, there are 981 protected areas, including 566 wildlife sanctuaries and 104 national parks. 📍Wildlife ✅ There are 3,167 tigers in India. ✅ From 2019 to 2020, environmental crimes increased by 78%. (Source: Environment of India, State of 2022) 📍Forest Conservation ✅ 30% of Indian districts are susceptible to severe forest fires (CEEW). ✅ 11% of global greenhouse gas emissions come from deforestation. 📍Water Resources ✅ 75% of families lack access to clean drinking water on their property. (Source: Aayog NITI) ✅ By 2030, water stress is expected to affect 70% of India’s thermal power plants. 📍 Water Pollution ✅ 8 states comprise the majority of contaminated river segments, including Maharashtra, Assam, Kerala, Madhya Pradesh, Gujarat, Odisha, West Bengal, and Karnataka. ✅ 70% of surface water in India is unsafe for human consumption. (Source: WEF) 📍Climate Change ✅ 40% of Indian districts are experiencing flooding and droughts interchangeably. ✅ India has committed to achieving net-zero carbon emissions by 2070 at the 26th COP in 2021. #mains #environment #GS3

🔆Governor Vs Lt. Governor powers: ✅President is final decision-making authority in case of dispute between LG and cabinet of UT. ✅ in general, Governor of a state has to act solely on the aid and advice of the Council of Ministers, whereas, the LG does not need the approval of the Council of Ministers on every matter. ✅Unlike Governor which has dual role to play i.e. Constitutional Head of the state as well as agent of the President, LG is not Constitutional head of the UT but only an agent of President. ✅Chief Ministers of Delhi and Puducherry are appointed by the President and not by LG, whereas the Chief Ministers of states are appointed by the Governor. ✅CM give resignation to LG and not to Presiden #PYQanalysis Join @PRELIMS_TRICKS

UPSC CALENDAR- 2026 Prelims - 24 May Mains - 21 Aug.


One Mnemonic to help you remember all Fundamental Duties, that too in order!! IFS - SBI (ES) (PEE) [Remember it as three jobs - IFS, SBI and SP (ES PEE)] Explanation a. Institutes, Flag and Anthem b. Freedom Struggle c. Service - National d. Sovereignty, Integrity and Unity e. Brotherhood + Women Dignity f. Indian Culture and Heritage g. Environment h. Scientific Temper i. Public Property j. Excellence k. Education

Caspian Sea: ✅ it lies between Europe and Asia. ✅ The Caspian Sea is the world’s largest inland body of water. ✅Rivers which flows into it are: 🔸 Volga River 🔸 Ural River 🔸 Kura River 🔸 Terek River Countries around the Caspian Sea. Trick: TARIK ✅T – Turkmenistan ✅A – Azerbaijan ✅R – Russia ✅I – Iran ✅K – Kazakhstan #PYQanalysis

TRICK to Remember Folk Dances of Haryana 🎭 “Haryana ke Panchkula ki Choriya Daphli aur Manjira leke Jhumar k niche Dhamal Macha rahin Falgun me” 📍 Breakdown of Trick & Corresponding Dances: ✅ Dhamal → Dhamal Macharla rahin ✅ Jhumar → Jhumar k niche ✅ Manjira → Manjira leke ✅ Phag → Falgun me ✅ Loor → Common Haryana folk dance ✅ Daph → Daphli aur ✅ Charkula → Panchkula ✅ Khoria → Choriya ✅ Gugga → Haryana traditional dance Tip: Just visualize Haryana’s Panchkula girls celebrating under a Jhumar, playing Daphli and Manjira, dancing Dhamal in Falgun! #Tricks

🔆Savannah ✅ Distribution: West African Sudan, East Africa, South America (Llanos and campos), Australia (Queensland). In general, savannas grow in tropical regions 8° to 20° from the Equator. ✅ Conditions: Savanna is heterogeneous environments characterized by presence of trees, bushes, and grasses. Usually Nutrient and soil moisture availability are limiting factors affecting the biomass growth. Fire, grazing herbivore and seasonal rainfall are factors behind scarce forest development in the region. ✅Climate: It is a transitional type of climate found between the equatorial rainforests and hot deserts. ✅ Temperature: Mean annual temperature is greater than 18° C. Extreme diurnal range of temperature. Confined dry and wet season. ✅Precipitation: Annual precipitation is around 80 cms. Rainfall is confined to limited period. In northern hemisphere, rainy season begins in May and lasts till September. In southern hemisphere, the rainy season is from October to March. ✅Natural vegetation: Typified by tall grass and short trees (elephant grass). It has presence of deciduous trees like Acacius. Trees are deciduous and shed the leaves in the cool, dry season to prevent excessive loss of water through transpiration. Broad trunks with water storing devices to survive droughts. ✅Presence of grasses with scattered trees and fire resisting thorny shrubs. ✅ Fauna: Antelopes, buffaloes, elephants and rhinoceros; carnivores include lion, cheetah, hyena and many rodents. ✅ Other names: Brazil (Campos), Venezuela (Llanos). #PYQanalysis

2024 Answer key https://t.me/CSE_EXAM/42567