Imām al-Baghawī (raḥimahu Allāh) writes: The wisdom in comparing Īmān to a tree is that a tree can only be a tree when it possesses three essential components: 1. Firmly grounded roots 2. An upright trunk 3. Lofty branches Likewise, Īmān is not complete without three essential aspects: 1. Affirmation of the heart (taṣdīq al-qalb) 2. Statements of the tongue (iqrār al-lisān) 3. Actions of the body (a‘māl al-jawāriḥ) [Tafsīr al-Baghawī]