🔆 Key Takeaways: Integral Humanism 📍 1. Concept and Origin ✅ Integral Humanism (Ekatm Manavvad) is the philosophical foundation laid by Pandit Deendayal Upadhyay, co-founder of Bharatiya Jana Sangh (BJS), which later became BJP. ✅ First elaborated in four lectures delivered by Upadhyay in Mumbai (April 1965). ✅ Aims to synthesize individual, society, and nation by reconciling nationalism, democracy, socialism, and traditional Bharatiya values. 📍 2. Ideological Roots and Influences ✅ Intellectual roots trace to Daishik Shastra: Bharatiya Polity and Political Science (1923) by Badrishah Thulgharia. ✅ Later expanded by Dattopant Thengdi (1920–2004), founder of Bharatiya Mazdoor Sangh and Swadeshi Jagran Manch. 📍 3. Key Principles ✅ Rejection of Western ‘isms’ like capitalism and communism in favor of indigenous ideologies grounded in Bharatiya culture. ✅ Emphasis on ‘Chiti’ (national soul) as guiding cultural progress. ✅ ‘Dharma’ described as the “repository of the nation’s soul.” 📍 4. Six Objectives of the Economy 1️⃣ Assurance of minimum standard of living and national defense. 2️⃣ Meaningful employment and resource optimization. 3️⃣ Avoidance of extravagance in natural resource use. 4️⃣ Development of machines suited to Indian conditions. 5️⃣ Cultural and human value protection. 6️⃣ Pragmatic and balanced ownership structures (state, private, or other). 📍 5. Endorsements and Legacy ✅ M.S. Golwalkar, RSS chief, directed Upadhyay to study Daishik Shastra. ✅ Mahatma Gandhi reportedly endorsed the book’s ideas on Oriental politics. ✅ Upadhyay’s philosophy significantly influences BJP’s policy direction and ideological identity. Conclusion: Integral Humanism offers a uniquely Indian socio-political and economic framework emphasizing harmony between individual and society, spiritual well-being, and national progress rooted in cultural identity—essential for understanding India’s ideological undercurrents. #ethics