UPSC ETHICS UPSC UPSC™ UPSC UPSC UPSC UPSC Upsc Upsc UPSC UPSC UPSC UPSC UPSC UPSC UPSC UPSC UPSC™

UPSC ETHICS UPSC UPSC™ UPSC UPSC UPSC UPSC Upsc Upsc UPSC UPSC UPSC UPSC UPSC UPSC UPSC UPSC UPSC™

6/13/2025, 6:41:00 AM

🔆 Eklavya’s Story: A Tale of Merit, Privilege & Dharma 📍 The Legend of Eklavya ✅ Eklavya, a Nishad boy, was denied tutelage by Dronacharya due to his lower caste. ✅ Determined, he crafted a clay idol of Drona and self-trained in archery, becoming highly skilled. 📍 The Guru Dakshina & Its Impact ✅ Dronacharya, fearing a rival to Arjuna, demanded Eklavya’s right thumb as guru dakshina. ✅ Eklavya sacrificed his thumb without hesitation, yet continued to fight skillfully using leather gloves. 📍 Caste, Knowledge & Inequality ✅ The story reflects ancient India’s caste-based restrictions on education and skill development. ✅ Raises ethical questions: Did Drona uphold duty (dharma), or was it a form of systemic injustice? 📍 Modern Relevance ✅ Eklavya’s tale is often cited in debates on privilege, discrimination, and access to opportunities. ✅ It resonates with contemporary discussions on education, affirmative action, and social justice.

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6/13/2025, 4:07:58 PM

🔆 Free Speech vs Censorship – What’s at Stake? 📍 Why Free Speech Matters ✅ It’s the heart of democracy – helps people think freely, not just speak facts. ✅ Censorship = distrust in citizens’ ability to decide for themselves. 📍 What Censorship Really Is ✅ Not just about “protecting truth” – it’s power control. ✅ Best defense of speech: “No one should decide what we can say or think.” 📍 Trust Crisis in Society ✅ Rising censorship = rising social fear & mistrust. ✅ Often, it’s not about fixing harm, but silencing the unknown or uncomfortable. 📍 Why Restrictions May Backfire ✅ Laws can’t fix deep inequalities or fear – may worsen divisions. ✅ “Silencing others to protect ourselves” leads to competitive victimhood. 📍 The Multicultural Dilemma ✅ Everyone claims to be hurt ➡️ Everyone wants censorship. ✅ But protecting one group often means hurting another’s rights. 📍 Political Weapon or Protection? ✅ Censorship used to mobilize, silence, divide – not solve problems. ✅ Creates alienation, fear, and weakens democracy. 📍 What’s the Real Solution? ✅ Don’t add more bans – build trust instead. ✅ Hold speech accountable with social norms, not legal fear. 📍 The Final Thought ✅ Every act of censorship chips away at our collective freedom. ✅ Defend free speech not just for its use, but for its moral and democratic power.

UPSC ETHICS UPSC UPSC™ UPSC UPSC UPSC UPSC Upsc Upsc UPSC UPSC UPSC UPSC UPSC UPSC UPSC UPSC UPSC™

6/12/2025, 1:59:35 PM

🔆 Lance Armstrong: A Story of Resilience & Controversy 📍 Inspiring Comeback ✅ Lance Armstrong, an American cyclist, was diagnosed with testicular cancer in 1996, which spread to his lungs and brain. ✅ Despite the odds, he fought through chemotherapy and surgery and made a historic comeback. ✅ On July 25, 1999, he became the second American to win the Tour de France and went on to win seven consecutive titles (1999-2005). 📍 Downfall & Doping Scandal ✅ In 2012, he was found guilty of doping, leading to the stripping of all achievements from August 1998 onward. ✅ His legacy collapsed, proving that trust takes years to build but seconds to break. 📍 Lesson ✅ His story highlights resilience, perseverance, and the cost of unethical choices. #ethics

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6/12/2025, 7:49:34 AM

🔆 Key Terms & Their Meanings 📍 Moral Muteness ✅ Occurs when people witness unethical behavior but choose not to speak out, or communicate in ways that obscure moral beliefs. 📍 Moral Myopia ✅ Inability to see ethical issues clearly, leading to distorted moral vision (moral blindness). 📍 Cognitive Bias ✅ People make errors in thinking, affecting decisions across various areas, including ethics. 📍 Bounded Ethicality ✅ Ethical choices limited by internal/external pressures, such as conformity or self-serving bias. 📍 Conformity Bias ✅ People imitate others’ actions instead of making personal judgments. 📍 Ethical Fading ✅ Ethical aspects disappear when focus shifts to other decision factors, like profit. 📍 Moral Cognition ✅ Study of the brain’s role in moral judgment and decision-making. 📍 Role Morality ✅ People act unethically when they see themselves in roles that excuse unethical behavior. 📍 Moral Absolutism ✅ Universal moral principles by which actions can be judged, a form of deontology.

UPSC ETHICS UPSC UPSC™ UPSC UPSC UPSC UPSC Upsc Upsc UPSC UPSC UPSC UPSC UPSC UPSC UPSC UPSC UPSC™

5/18/2025, 2:06:47 PM

📍 Case of Justice Yashwant Varma - Context: Allegations arose concerning a significant amount of cash found during a blaze at the residence of Delhi High Court Judge, Justice Yashwant Varma. - Ethical Perspective: The Chief Justice of India (CJI) formed a three-member panel to conduct a deeper probe, highlighting the importance of transparency and accountability in the judiciary. - Ethical Insight: The CJI’s intervention emphasizes the ethical duty to maintain judicial integrity and ensure impartial inquiry in response to public trust concerns.

UPSC ETHICS UPSC UPSC™ UPSC UPSC UPSC UPSC Upsc Upsc UPSC UPSC UPSC UPSC UPSC UPSC UPSC UPSC UPSC™

5/17/2025, 1:32:29 PM

🔆 Key Takeaways from "The Challenges of Posthumous Reproduction" 📍 Background Case: ✅ The Delhi High Court permitted the use of a deceased man’s frozen sperm for posthumous reproduction at his parents' request. ✅ The deceased had preserved his sperm while undergoing chemotherapy but passed away in 2020. His parents sought legal approval to use the sample. 📍 Legal Framework Gaps: ✅ The Assisted Reproductive Technology (ART) Regulation Act, 2021, and the Surrogacy Act, 2022, do not explicitly address cases involving posthumous reproduction. ✅ Existing laws regulate only married couples for infertility treatments and fail to consider scenarios involving unmarried individuals or posthumous usage. 📍 Ethical and Social Concerns: ✅ The categorization of genetic material like sperm as "property" raises ethical questions. ✅ Critics argue that such rulings commodify human life and reduce individuals to mere resources for reproduction. 📍 Judicial Perspective: ✅ The Court emphasized the need to consider the deceased’s legacy, parental wishes, and evolving reproductive technologies. ✅ International precedents highlight the importance of balancing personal rights with ethical implications. 📍 Policy and Regulatory Challenges: ✅ There are ambiguities in legal frameworks regarding guardianship, parental rights, and inheritance in cases of posthumous conception. ✅ A primary legal concern is determining the parentage of a child born using posthumous gametes. 📍 Need for Reforms: ✅ The case underscores the urgent need to revisit and update reproductive technology laws. ✅ Broader ethical guidelines should address the implications of posthumous reproduction while ensuring human dignity and social acceptance. #ethics

UPSC ETHICS UPSC UPSC™ UPSC UPSC UPSC UPSC Upsc Upsc UPSC UPSC UPSC UPSC UPSC UPSC UPSC UPSC UPSC™

5/16/2025, 3:08:15 PM

Max Weber’s Bureaucratic theory ✅Max Weber’s Theory of Bureaucracy is one of the pioneer studies in organizational models. Max Weber’s concept of bureaucracy is closely related to his ideas on “legitimacy of authority”. It is famously referred as Max Weber’s Legal-Rationality Model of Bureaucracy. ✅The ideal-type construction of bureaucracy, propounded by Max Weber, highlighted an ethical imperative of bureaucratic behaviour. And he also tried to emphasize that bureaucratic morality should always prevail over personal conscience for better discharging of official duties in the country. Max-Weber’s six characteristics of bureaucracy: According to Weber, these are the six characteristics of bureaucracy: ✅ Task Specialization (Division of Labour) ✅ Hierarchical layers of Authority ✅ Formal Selection Process ✅ Rules and Requirements ✅ Impersonality and Personal indifference ✅ Achievement based career orientation. #ethics Join @upsc_ethics_toppers @Anmolvachan1

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5/19/2025, 2:28:00 PM

🔆 Article 143 – Presidential Reference to Supreme Court 📍 Constitutional Provision (Article 143) ✅ Empowers the President to refer questions of law or matters of public importance to the Supreme Court for advisory opinion ✅ Continuation from Government of India Act, 1935 ✅ Supreme Court’s opinion under Article 143 is advisory and not binding 📍 Historical Context ✅ Advisory jurisdiction borrowed from colonial administration ✅ Similar provisions exist in Canada, but not in the U.S. due to separation of powers 📍 Nature and Scope of Presidential Reference ✅ President may refer any question of law or fact of public importance ✅ Reference heard by bench of at least five judges (Article 145) ✅ Supreme Court’s opinion is not obligatory, non-binding, and holds no precedential value ✅ Only one refusal in 1993 (Ram Janmabhoomi case) 📍 Notable Past References ✅ Since 1950, about fifteen references made ✅ Examples: ▪ 1951: Delhi Laws Act – contours of delegated legislation ▪ 1958: Kerala Education Bill – harmonious construction of Fundamental Rights and DPSPs ▪ 1960: Berubari case – territory ceding requires constitutional amendment ▪ 1965: Keshav Singh case – legislature powers and privileges ▪ 1974: Presidential poll case – elections despite vacancies in electoral college 📍 Current Reference Context ✅ Related to Supreme Court judgment on timelines for Governors and President acting on State Bills ✅ Raised 14 questions about Articles 200 and 201 ✅ Key issues: ▪ Courts’ authority to prescribe timelines not in Constitution ▪ Justiciability of Governor/President actions before Bill enactment ▪ Extent of Court powers under Article 142 📍 Legal and Federal Significance ✅ Highlights tensions between Union and opposition-led State governments ✅ Supreme Court adopted Home Ministry’s timelines for President in judgment ✅ Authoritative opinion expected to clarify constitutional provisions crucial for democracy and federalism #ethics

UPSC ETHICS UPSC UPSC™ UPSC UPSC UPSC UPSC Upsc Upsc UPSC UPSC UPSC UPSC UPSC UPSC UPSC UPSC UPSC™

5/15/2025, 2:50:47 PM

🔆 Key Takeaways: Toxic Online Culture and Legal Responses 📍 Toxic Online Culture and Diplomacy ✅ After a diplomatic announcement by Foreign Secretary Vikram Misri, his social media faced abusive comments, threats, and doxing of his daughter ✅ Highlights growing misuse of online platforms to harass public officials and undermine national decisions 📍 Vulnerable Groups at Risk ✅ Women, minorities, and marginalized communities are disproportionately targeted ✅ Trolls issue rape and death threats, causing serious mental and physical harm 📍 Legal Framework and Judicial Action ✅ Draft Digital Personal Data Protection (DPDP) Rules, 2025 to penalize misuse of personal info ✅ Existing laws like Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita and Information Technology Act are limited but evolving ✅ Courts actively order quick removal of offending content and mandate disclosure of subscriber info ✅ In the Shaviya Sharma case (2024), Delhi HC stated unchecked doxing violates right to privacy 📍 Need for Robust Anti-Trolling Law ✅ Strong legislation needed to counter doxing, threats, and misinformation ✅ Delhi HC recognizes unchecked doxing as a violation of privacy rights

UPSC ETHICS UPSC UPSC™ UPSC UPSC UPSC UPSC Upsc Upsc UPSC UPSC UPSC UPSC UPSC UPSC UPSC UPSC UPSC™

5/14/2025, 2:58:49 PM

🔆 Can Ethics Keep Pace with AI’s Rapid Evolution? 📍 Ethics in AI • AI tools today can scrape billions of images, identify faces, and generate deepfakes, raising significant ethical concerns. • Despite the ability to do so, companies refrain from such practices for ethical reasons, yet decentralized platforms may emerge as market demands grow. 📍 Current Ethical Dilemmas • AI’s potential in surveillance, deepfakes, and even hiring raises questions about bias and transparency. • Acknowledging these ethical challenges, legal standards may soon be necessary to regulate AI use. 📍 The Need for Ethical Standards • Companies must navigate ethics outside the purview of the state, while staying within the boundaries of the law. • The upcoming Hindu Huddle 2025 will discuss AI ethics, business accountability, and the role of legality in shaping AI’s future. 📍 Future AI Landscape • As AI-generated works become more commonplace, industries must establish ethical standards to address concerns over authorship and bias.