تشخيص الاميبا ازاى⁉️ 🙈🙈🙈 الجزء الاول No — microscopy alone cannot reliably distinguish the type of Entamoeba. ⸻ Key Explanation: Under light microscopy, three species appear identical: • Entamoeba histolytica (pathogenic) • Entamoeba dispar (non-pathogenic) • Entamoeba moshkovskii (non-pathogenic or rarely pathogenic) All three may show cysts or trophozoites in stool with indistinguishable morphology. ⸻ Correct Diagnostic Approach: To confirm E. histolytica (the only one that requires treatment), you need: 1. Stool antigen detection — ELISA-based assays specific for E. histolytica 2. Stool PCR — can differentiate between species 3. Stool culture with isoenzyme analysis (rarely used now) ⸻ Clinical Impact: • If stool microscopy shows “Entamoeba cysts” or “trophozoites” without speciation: • Do not treat unless the child is symptomatic • Prefer antigen/PCR confirmation before starting metronidazole ⸻ References: • CDC: Laboratory Diagnosis of Amebiasis • AAP Red Book (2024) • WHO Manual for Laboratory Diagnosis of Intestinal Parasites