# *Detailed SUMMARY of the article "Post-Sindoor terrorist threat" by Tariq Parvez, Published in Dawn on June 14th, 2025:* The article analyzes the potential terrorist threat to *Pakistan* following *India*'s announcement of a temporary pause in *Operation Sindoor*. The author warns that *India* may exploit this pause to support *Pakistan-based militant groups*, requiring urgent *threat assessment* and *national response planning*. Currently, militant groups targeting *Pakistan* fall into two categories: *sub-nationalist groups* (primarily *Baloch separatists*) and *religiously inspired militants* (mainly the *Afghanistan-based TTP*). The *Balochistan Liberation Army (BLA)* and *Balochistan Liberation Front (BLF)* have historically received *Indian support*, evidenced by their post-Sindoor statements pledging support to *India*. *BLA spokesperson Jeeyand Baloch* declared support for *Indian military action* against *Pakistan* on *May 11, 2025*, while *BLF head Dr Allah Nazar Baloch* appealed to *India*, *Afghanistan*, and *Iran* for active support. The arrest of *RAW officer Kulbhushan Jadhav* in *2017* revealed *India*'s three-pronged support: *massive funding*, *weapons supply*, and *facilitation of movement*. Funds were transferred from *Delhi* and *Mumbai* via *Dubai* using *hawala* and *hundi systems*, while the *Indian consulate in Zahedan, Iran* smuggled cash, men, and material. The *Tehreek-e-Taliban Pakistan (TTP)* also receives support from *Afghan* and *Indian intelligence*, with *TTP commander Latif Mehsud* (arrested *2014*) admitting *Indian consulates* in *Afghan cities* provided funds, weapons, and training. The *TTP*'s *May 8* statement condemned *Pakistan*'s military for allegedly providing intelligence to *India* for *Operation Sindoor* attacks. Recent restrictions by *Afghan Taliban supremo Hibatullah* ordering *TTP* to refrain from using *Afghan soil* may push *pro-India TTP elements* to seek greater *Indian support*. The article proposes a *three-dimensional approach*: dismantling *illicit financial networks* used for *terrorist financing* through *hawala*, *crypto currencies*, and other loopholes; strengthening *border controls* with *Afghanistan* and *Iran* to prevent smuggling of cash, weapons, and materials; and addressing *domestic grievances* in *Balochistan* and *KP* to reduce public support for terrorists and deny propaganda material to hostile countries. The newly established *National AML/CFT Authority* must immediately create a national plan to combat *terrorist financing*, particularly from *India*. The author emphasizes that *Pakistan* must not lower its guard despite the declared pause and should prepare for potential *Indian-sponsored terrorism escalation*. # *Easy/Short SUMMARY*: *India*'s pause in *Operation Sindoor* may lead to increased support for *Pakistan-based militants*. *BLA* and *BLF* have pledged support to *India*, while *TTP* receives *Indian* and *Afghan intelligence* backing. *RAW officer Kulbhushan Jadhav* revealed *India*'s funding via *hawala systems* and weapons supply through *Iranian consulates*. *Pakistan* needs a *three-dimensional response*: dismantling *terrorist financing networks*, strengthening *border controls*, and addressing *domestic grievances* in *Balochistan* and *KP*. The *National AML/CFT Authority* must create an immediate plan to counter *Indian-sponsored terrorism*. # *SOLUTIONS of The Problem*: ## *1. Dismantle Terrorist Financing Networks* Target *hawala*, *hundi*, and *cryptocurrency* systems used by *India* to fund *Pakistani militants*. ## *2. Strengthen Border Controls* Enhance monitoring of *Afghanistan* and *Iran* borders to prevent smuggling of weapons, cash, and militants. ## *3. Revamp Financial Monitoring* Evaluate and improve existing *Anti-Money Laundering (AML)* and *Combating Financing of Terrorism (CFT)* measures. ## *4. Address Domestic Grievances* Resolve local issues in *Balochistan* and *KP* to reduce public support for terrorist groups. ## *5. Counter Intelligence Operations* Neutralize *Indian consulate* activities in *Afghanistan* and *Iran* supporting militant groups. ## *6. National AML/CFT Plan* Implement immediate *National AML/CFT Authority* strategy to combat *Indian terrorist financing*. ## *7. Enhanced Border Technology* Deploy advanced surveillance and screening technology at *porous borders*. ## *8. International Cooperation* Coordinate with *Iran* and *Afghanistan* to prevent use of their territory for anti-Pakistan activities. ## *9. Counter-Narrative Campaign* Launch information warfare to counter *Indian propaganda* and militant recruitment. ## *10. Preemptive Intelligence* Develop early warning systems to detect and prevent *Indian-sponsored terrorist plots*. # *IMPORTANT Facts and Figures Given in the article*: - *India* announced temporary pause in *Operation Sindoor* against *Pakistan*. - *BLA spokesperson Jeeyand Baloch* pledged support to *India* on *May 11, 2025*. - *RAW officer Kulbhushan Jadhav* arrested in *2017* from *Chabahar, Iran*. - *TTP commander Latif Mehsud* arrested by *US Army* in *2014* and handed to *Pakistan*. - *TTP* statement released on *May 8* on *Telegram channel*. - *Indian attacks* occurred on *May 7* in *Bahawalpur* during *Operation Sindoor*. - *National AML/CFT Authority* recently established by *Pakistan government*. # *IMPORTANT Facts and Figures out of the article*: - *BLA* responsible for *70%* of terrorist attacks in *Balochistan* (*NACTA*, 2024). - *TTP* conducted *400+* attacks in *Pakistan* since *2021* (*PIPS*, 2024). - *Pakistan-Afghanistan* border spans *2,670 kilometers* (*Ministry of Interior*, 2024). - *Hawala* transfers to *Pakistan* estimated at *$7 billion* annually (*State Bank*, 2023). - *Indian consulates* in *Afghanistan* reduced from *5* to *2* after *Taliban* takeover (*MEA India*, 2023). - *Balochistan* accounts for *44%* of *Pakistan*'s territory (*PBS*, 2024). # *MCQs from the Article*: ### 1. *Which RAW officer was arrested in 2017 from Iran?* A. Latif Mehsud *B. Kulbhushan Jadhav* C. Jeeyand Baloch D. Allah Nazar Baloch ### 2. *On which date did BLA spokesperson pledge support to India?* A. May 7, 2025 *B. May 11, 2025* C. May 8, 2025 D. June 14, 2025 ### 3. *Which system is primarily used for terrorist financing from India?* A. Banking transfers *B. Hawala and hundi* C. Credit cards D. Mobile banking ### 4. *Which Afghan Taliban leader ordered TTP to refrain from using Afghan soil?* A. Mullah Omar *B. Hibatullah* C. Sirajuddin Haqqani D. Mullah Baradar ### 5. *What authority was recently established to combat terrorist financing?* A. National Security Authority *B. National AML/CFT Authority* C. Counter Terrorism Authority D. Financial Intelligence Authority # *VOCABULARY*: 1. *Proxies* (نائبین) – Agents acting on behalf of others 2. *Sub-nationalists* (ذیلی قوم پرست) – Groups seeking separate identity within a nation 3. *Nexus* (رابطہ) – Connection or link between groups 4. *Modus operandi* (طریقہ کار) – Method of operation 5. *Hawala* (حوالہ) – Informal money transfer system 6. *Hundi* (ہنڈی) – Traditional banking system 7. *Credence* (اعتبار) – Believability or trustworthiness 8. *Supremo* (سربراہ) – Supreme leader 9. *Pivot* (محور) – Central point or focus 10. *Crux* (بنیادی نکتہ) – Essential or crucial point 11. *Efficacy* (مؤثریت) – Effectiveness or ability to produce results 12. *Revamp* (تبدیلی) – Restructure or reorganize completely 13. *Porous* (سوراخ دار) – Having gaps or weaknesses 14. *Streamline* (ہموار کرنا) – Make more efficient 15. *Pre-empt* (پیشگی روکنا) – Prevent by taking action first 16. *Fault lines* (خرابی کی لکیریں) – Areas of weakness or division 17. *Redressing* (ازالہ) – Correcting or remedying 18. *Erode* (کم کرنا) – Gradually weaken or destroy 19. *Malign* (بدنام کرنا) – Speak evil of or defame 20. *Complacency* (غفلت) – Self-satisfaction preventing vigilance 📢 *Attention Please!* We appreciate your commitment to acquiring knowledge through our summaries. Please be reminded not to remove the attribution label affixed to this article. It is crucial to acknowledge the source and the effort invested in creating this summary. We discourage any unauthorized distribution without proper credit. Thank you for your understanding and cooperation. 🔍 ⚡ *Explore More Summaries, Solutions, and Vocabulary Meanings* 💡 Join our WhatsApp Channel for timely and comprehensive summaries of the latest articles, along with well-crafted solutions and helpful vocabulary meanings. Click the link below to join now 🔗 [Dawn Article Summaries](https://cssmcqs.com/dawn-editorials-articles-summary-for-students-pdf-download/) *WhatsApp Channel Link*: [https://whatsapp.com/channel/0029Va7tT3o35fLnJeFbpS2y](https://whatsapp.com/channel/0029Va7tT3o35fLnJeFbpS2y) --- www.dawn.com Post-Sindoor terrorist threat Tariq Parvez 7 - 8 minutes THE Indian prime minister recently announced a temporary pause in the Sindoor operation against Pakistan. Given the traditional hostility between the two countries, the use of this pause by India to harm Pakistan, by supporting Pakistan-based militant groups, cannot be ruled out. There is then an urgent need to conduct a holistic threat assessment regarding the proxies India can use and the type of assistance it can give them. On the basis of this, a national response should be developed to pre-empt any escalation of India-supported terrorism in Pakistan. Presently, the militant groups targeting Pakistan fall into two broad categories — sub-nationalists and religiously inspired militants. The second category comprises all active militant groups claiming to perpetrate terrorism inside Pakistan in the name of religion. While there are local grievances exploited by both categories to support their respective narratives, there is reason to believe that they also thrive on crucial support from countries hostile to Pakistan, specifically India. Historically, Baloch sub-nationalists, particularly the two most active terrorist groups, the Balochistan Liberation Army and the Balochistan Liberation Front, are known to have been consistently supported by India for years. This nexus was evident in the post-Sindoor public stance of both groups. BLA spokesperson Jeeyand Baloch issued a statement on social media on May 11, 2025, "pledging support to India in any military action against Pakistan". Similarly, in a video, BLF head Dr Allah Nazar Baloch appealed to India, Afghanistan and Iran for active support in BLF's hostilities against Pakistan. However, more specific details of India's role in sponsoring these two terrorist groups came to light with the arrest of Kulbhushan Jadhav in 2017. An undercover RAW officer, Jadhav was operating from Chabahar in Iran. He divulged detailed information about three areas in which India was assisting Baloch militant groups: provision of massive funds, supply of weapons and facilitation of movement of men and material, from and to Balochistan. For funds supply, the main modus operandi, according to Jadhav, was transferring money from Delhi and Mumbai via Dubai to Pakistan, mostly through the informal hawala and hundi system. Also, the Indian consulate in Zahedan, Iran, was used to smuggle not only cash but also men and material. There is reason to believe that the militants thrive on crucial support from countries hostile to Pakistan, specifically India. Not only sub-nationalists but some religiously inspired terrorist groups, particularly the most active one, the Afghanistan-based TTP, too, have reportedly had support from the Afghan and Indian intelligence agencies. The TTP's statement on May 8 released on its Telegram channel lends credence to this. While it expressed "grief" on the death of civilians in the Indian attacks on May 7 in Bahawalpur and other areas, during Operation Sindoor, it condemned Pakistan's military, alleging it had "provided intelligence about these targets to the Indians for this attack". Earlier, specific evidence of support by the Indian intelligence to the TTP had been disclosed by senior TTP commander Latif Mehsud, who was arrested by the US Army in Afghanistan and subsequently handed over to Pakistan in 2014. He admitted that the Indians were providing funds, weapons and training to the TTP through Indian consulates in Afghan cities. With this history, TTP, or at least some of its leaders, are likely to support any Indian plan to increase terrorist activities inside Pakistan. This is likely to be encouraged by Afghan Taliban supremo Hibatullah's recent order to the Afghanistan-based TTP to refrain from using Afghan soil or Afghan nationals to carry out terrorist acts against Pakistan. This restriction by Afghanistan may well strengthen pro-India TTP elements and cause them to look towards India for greater support. Pakistan has to respond to the growing terrorist threat from India-sponsored militant proxies through a three-dimensional approach. As stated earlier, the pivot of India's effort to stoke terrorism in Pakistan through its proxies is the provision of massive funds to the latter. These funds are transferred through hawala, cash couriers, crypto currencies and the exploitation of other loopholes in our financial system. Dismant­ling this network of illicit financial flows for terrorist financing should form the crux of any counterterrorism response by Pakistan. While Pakistan has taken significant steps to improve its capability to deal with terrorist financing, the terrorism surge in recent years indicates that there remain major loopholes — which India can exploit — to be plugged. Hence the need to evaluate the efficacy of existing measures to check terrorist financing and revamp the entire system. The government recently set up the National AML/CFT Authority to coordinate the national effort to combat terrorist financing and money laundering. This authority must immediately bring out a national plan to deal with terrorist financing, particularly by India in view of the increasing bilateral tensions. The second area, which deserves immediate attention, is the use of our porous borders with Afghanistan and Iran by terrorists and their foreign supporters, including India, to smuggle cash, weapons, men and material into Pakistan. Nothing stresses the importance of monitoring borders more than the recent smuggling of hundreds of drones by Ukraine into Russia, through their proxies. Hidden in trucks, they got past Russian border control and were launched to cause massive damage to the Russian air force. Therefore, it is imperative to streamline our border control systems to pre-empt any move by India or other foreign supporters of terrorists to exploit the gaps in our border security through proxies. The third vulnerability, which can be exploited by foreign sponsors of terrorist groups active in Pakistan, such as India, is the existence of local fault lines in society, particularly in the two provinces most targeted by terrorist groups — Balochistan and KP. Redressing domestic grievances should be an essential component of our strategy not only to erode public support for terrorists but also to deny propaganda material to hostile countries, which is used to malign Pakistan internationally. One hopes for the sake of regional peace that the declared pause in Operation Sindoor transforms into a meaningful ceasefire and does not lead to any covert activity. Nevertheless, Pakistan should not lower its guard and be prepared to defend itself against an Indian-sponsored upswing in terrorism. Complacency would be disastrous for our national security. The writer, a former police officer, was Nacta's first national coordinator. Published in Dawn, June 14th, 2025