*JURISDICTIONS OF SUPREME COURT* *The Supreme Court of India has several important jurisdictions under the Constitution of India, such as:* *1. Original Jurisdiction (Article 131)* Article 131 grants the Supreme Court original jurisdiction to hear disputes between: The Government of India and one or more States. The Government of India and any State or States on one side and one or more States on the other side. Disputes between two or more States. *2. Appellate Jurisdiction* Civil Appeals (Article 133) Criminal Appeals (Article 134) Constitutional Appeals (Article 132) *3. Advisory Jurisdiction (Article 143)* Under Article 143, the President of India can seek the advice of the Supreme Court on any matter of law or fact that is of public or constitutional importance. *4. Writ Jurisdiction (Article 32)* The writs that the Supreme Court can issue are: Habeas Corpus: To produce a person who has been unlawfully detained. Mandamus: To order a public authority to perform a duty. Prohibition: To prohibit a lower court or tribunal from acting outside its jurisdiction. Certiorari: To quash the order or decision of a lower court or authority. Quo Warranto: To question the legality of a person holding a public office. *5. Review Jurisdiction (Article 137)* The review jurisdiction allows the Court to reconsider its decision when there is an apparent mistake or oversight, though it is not meant for revisiting the entire case. *6. Curative Jurisdiction* The curative jurisdiction allows the Supreme Court to correct its own judgments in exceptional circumstances when there is an error of law or fact, after the review petition has been dismissed. *7. Special Leave to Appeal (Article 136)* Under Article 136, the Supreme Court has the discretionary power to grant special leave to appeal against any judgment or order of any court or tribunal in the country (except military tribunals). *8. Epistolary Jurisdiction* This jurisdiction is typically used for public interest litigation (PIL), where a letter or public petition concerning public rights or injustices may be entertained. *9. Power to Transfer Cases (Article 139A)* The Supreme Court has the power to transfer cases from one High Court to another or from one court to another to ensure fairness and prevent bias. This is exercised under Article 139A.